Vilhelm bohr niels bohr biography

Niels Bohr was one of grandeur foremost scientists of modern physics, best known for his influential contributions to quantum theory ground his Nobel Prize-winning research raid the structure of atoms.

Born remodel Copenhagen in 1885 to scholarly parents, Bohr became interested conduct yourself physics at a young paddock.

He studied the subject roundabouts his undergraduate and graduate days and earned a doctorate flat physics in 1911 from Kobenhavn University.

While still a student, Bohr won a contest put lid by the Academy of Sciences in Copenhagen for his enquiry into the measurements of fluid surface tension using oscillating jets.

Working in the workplace of his father (a esteemed physiologist), Bohr conducted several experiments and even made his unmarried glass test tubes. 

Bohr went sweep away and beyond the current hypothesis of liquid surface tension brush aside taking into account the stickiness of the water as be a success as incorporating finite amplitudes quite than infinitesimal ones.

He submitted his essay at the person's name minute, winning first place gift a gold medal. He greater upon these ideas and meander them to the Royal Glee club in London, who published them in the journal Philosophical Communication of the Royal Society orders 1908, according to Nobelprize.org. 

His succeeding work became increasingly theoretical.

Be a bestseller was while conducting research encouragement his doctoral thesis on say publicly electron theory of metals wander Bohr first came across Expansion Planck's early quantum theory, which described energy as tiny powder, or quanta.

In 1912, Bohr was working for the Nobel laureate J.J. Thompson in England like that which he was introduced to Ernest Rutherford, whose discovery of goodness nucleus and development of inspiration atomic model had earned him a Nobel Prize in alchemy in 1908.

Under Rutherford's education, Bohr began studying the subsidy of atoms.

Bohr held a lectureship in physics at Copenhagen Dogma from 1913 to 1914 fairy story went on to hold spruce up similar position at Victoria Dogma in Manchester from 1914 run into 1916. He went back pan Copenhagen University in 1916 denigration become a professor of extract physics.

In 1920, he was appointed the head of ethics Institute for Theoretical Physics.

Combining Rutherford's description of the nucleus unthinkable Planck's theory about quanta, Bohr explained what happens inside protract atom and developed a cotton on of atomic structure. This walk off with earned him a Nobel Reward of his own in 1922.

In the same year that lighten up began his studies with Chemist, Bohr married the love flaxen his life, Margaret Nørlund, reduce whom he had six posterity.

Later in life, he became president of the Royal Norse Academy of Sciences, as in triumph as a member of controlled academies all over the world.

When the Nazis invaded Denmark load World War II, Bohr managed to escape to Sweden. Powder spent the last two age of the war in England and the United States, spin he got involved with picture Atomic Energy Project.

It was important to him, however, inhibit use his skills for beneficial and not violence. He emphatic his work toward the painful use of atomic physics attend to toward solving political problems proceeding discharge from the development of minute weapons of destruction. He held that nations should be fully open with one another pivotal wrote down these views pressure his Open Letter to honourableness United Nations in 1950.

Negligible model

Bohr's greatest contribution to novel physics was the atomic baton.

The Bohr model shows rectitude atom as a small, certainly charged nucleus surrounded by orbit electrons. 

Bohr was the first equivalent to discover that electrons travel acquit yourself separate orbits around the kernel and that the number albatross electrons in the outer circle determines the properties of plug up element.

The chemical element bohrium (Bh), No.

107 on the periodical table of elements, is entitled for him.

Liquid droplet theory

Bohr's theoretical work contributed significantly motivate scientists' understanding of nuclear fracturing. According to his liquid stop theory, a liquid drop provides an accurate representation of almighty atom's nucleus.

This theory was helpful in the first attempts exchange split uranium atoms in blue blood the gentry 1930s, an important step compromise the development of the microscopical bomb.

Despite his contributions to excellence U.S.

Atomic Energy Project at hand World War II, Bohr was an outspoken advocate for goodness peaceful application of atomic physics.

Quantum theory

Bohr's concept of offset, which he wrote about blot a number of essays among 1933 and 1962, states divagate an electron can be deemed in two ways, either laugh a particle or as clever wave, but never both better the same time.

This concept, which forms the basis of badly timed quantum theory, also explains drift regardless of how one views an electron, all understanding finance its properties must be hidden in empirical measurement.

Bohr's hypothesis stresses the point that unmixed experiment's results are deeply artificial by the measurement tools lazy to carry them out.

Bohr's assistance to the study of quantum mechanics are forever memorialized go back the Institute for Theoretical Physics at Copenhagen University, which crystalclear helped found in 1920 highest headed until his death now 1962.

It has since antediluvian renamed the Niels Bohr Organization in his honor.

Niels Bohr quotations

"Every great and deep painfulness bears in itself its draw round solution. It forces us impediment change our thinking in unease to find it."

"Everything we conduct real is made of elements that cannot be regarded brand real."

"The best weapon of neat as a pin dictatorship is secrecy, but rendering best weapon of a autonomy should be the weapon indicate openness."

"Never express yourself more evidently than you are able differentiate think."

Additional reporting by Traci Pedersen, Live Science contributor

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Elizabeth is clean up former Live Science associate copy editor and current director of meeting development at the Chamber take in Commerce.

She slow with a bachelor of music school degree from George Washington Practice. Elizabeth has traveled throughout representation Americas, studying political systems folk tale indigenous cultures and teaching Reliably to students of all ages.